Blog entry by System Admin

by System Admin - Thursday, 22 February 2024, 8:44 AM
Anyone in the world

1. Listen and Watch to Learn: Fluid Dynamics.

2. Vocabulary Preview: Click

Or copy the link: https://quizlet.com/885453081/trs401-page-205-and-210-vocabulary-preview-flash-cards/?i=g4pdy&x=1jqt


Or learn from this list:

  1. Fluid dynamics (Noun) Động lực học chất lỏng. The study of how gases and liquids move. Example: Today's lecture is about .... Bài học hôm nay nói về động lực học chất lỏng.
  2. Force (Noun) Lực. Strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement. Example: Buoyancy is a .... in water that makes something float. Lực đẩy là một lực trong nước khiến một vật nào đó nổi lên.
  3. Buoyancy (Noun) Lực đẩy Archimedes. The ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object placed in it. Example: The .... force pushes the ice to the surface. Lực đẩy Archimedes đẩy viên đá lên mặt nước.
  4. Float (Verb) Nổi. To rest or move on or near the surface of a liquid without sinking. Example: Buoyancy is the force that makes something .... in water. Lực đẩy là lực khiến một vật gì đó nổi trên mặt nước.
  5. Gravity (Noun) Trọng lực. The force that attracts a body toward the center of the earth, or toward any other physical body having mass. Example: When you put ice in water, .... pulls it downward. Khi bạn cho đá vào nước, trọng lực kéo nó xuống dưới.
  6. Displacement (Noun) Sự dịch chuyển. The moving of something from its place or position. Example: The water rises because the object .... it. Mực nước tăng lên bởi vì vật thể dịch chuyển nó.
  7. Sink (Verb) Chìm. To go down below the surface of something, especially of a liquid. Example: You put a metal ball in water and it ....s. Bạn thả một quả bóng kim loại vào nước và nó chìm xuống.
  8. Experiment (Noun) Thí nghiệm. A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact. Example: Do an .... to understand displacement. Thực hiện một thí nghiệm để hiểu về sự dịch chuyển.
  9. Glass (Noun) Cốc. A small container for drinking made of glass. Example: Put the .... in the bucket and fill it completely with water. Đặt cốc vào trong xô và đổ đầy nó bằng nước.
  10. Ice (Noun) Đá. Frozen water, a brittle, transparent crystalline solid. Example: Place the .... in the water glass. Đặt đá vào trong cốc nước.
  11. Coin (Noun) Đồng xu. A flat, typically round piece of metal with an official stamp, used as money. Example: Do the same thing with a .... Đồng xu.
  12. Bucket (Noun) Xô. A roughly cylindrical open container with a handle, used to hold and carry liquids and other material. Example: Put the glass in the .... and fill the glass completely with water. Đặt cốc vào trong xô và rót nước đầy cốc.
  13. Weigh (Verb) Cân. To find out how heavy (someone or something) is. Example: Pour out the water that is in the bucket and .... that water. Đổ nước ra khỏi xô và cân lượng nước đó.
  14. Solid (Adjective) Rắn. Firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid. Example: Use a .... metal ball or a coin. Sử dụng một quả bóng kim loại rắn hoặc một đồng xu.
  15. Surface (Noun) Bề mặt. The outside part or uppermost layer of something. Example: The buoyancy force pushes the ice to the .... Lực đẩy đẩy viên đá lên bề mặt.
  16. Object (Noun) Vật thể. A material thing that can be seen and touched. Example: When you put something in water, the water level rises because the .... displaces it. Khi bạn đặt một vật vào trong nước, mực nước tăng lên bởi vì vật thể dịch chuyển nó.
  17. Principle (Noun) Nguyên tắc. A fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior or for a chain of reasoning. Example: Buoyancy is an important .... Khi hiểu được nguyên tắc này, bạn sẽ biết tại sao thuyền nổi và chúng có thể chứa bao nhiêu.
  18. Tsunamis (Noun) Sóng thần. A series of ocean waves with very long wavelengths caused by large-scale disturbances of the ocean. Example: ... usually start with earthquakes under the sea. Sóng thần thường bắt đầu với các trận động đất dưới biển.
  19. Earthquakes (Noun) Động đất. Sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action. Example: ... often occur underneath our oceans. Động đất thường xảy ra dưới các đại dương của chúng ta.
  20. Plates (Noun) Mảng kiến tạo. Large pieces of the earth's crust that move due to geologic activity. Example: When this happens, the floor—or ...—of the ocean move up or down. Khi điều này xảy ra, đáy biển—hoặc mảng kiến tạo—của đại dương di chuyển lên hoặc xuống.
  21. Releases (Verb) Giải phóng. To allow a substance to flow out from somewhere. Example: This ... a lot of energy into the water. Điều này giải phóng một lượng lớn năng lượng vào nước.
  22. Energy (Noun) Năng lượng. The strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental activity. Example: The ... pushes the water up. Năng lượng đẩy nước lên.
  23. Waves (Noun) Sóng. Disturbances on the surface of a liquid body, as the sea or a lake, in the form of a moving ridge or swell. Example: And this energy becomes ... on the water's surface. Và năng lượng này trở thành sóng trên mặt nước.
  24. Travels (Verb) Di chuyển. To go from one place to another, typically over a distance of some length. Example: The wave of energy ... across the ocean's surface. Làn sóng năng lượng di chuyển trên bề mặt đại dương.
  25. Shallow (Adjective) Nông. Of little depth. Example: The wave then gets closer to land, where the water is .... Làn sóng sau đó tiến gần đất liền, nơi có nước nông.
  26. Decreases (Verb) Giảm. To become smaller or less in amount, degree, or size. Example: The shallow water causes the water to slow down and at the same time ... the distance between the waves. Nước nông làm chậm nước lại và cùng một lúc giảm khoảng cách giữa các sóng.
  27. Height (Noun) Chiều cao. The measurement from base to top or (of a standing person) from head to foot. Example: This pushes the ocean water up, making the waves grow in .... Điều này đẩy nước biển lên, khiến cho các con sóng tăng chiều cao.
  28. Walls (Noun) Bức tường. Structures of brick, stone, or other materials, designed to restrict or prevent movement across a boundary. Example: By the time the waves arrive on land, they are huge ... of water. Đến khi các con sóng đến đất liền, chúng là những bức tường nước khổng lồ.
  29. Destroy (Verb) Phá hủy. To cause (something) to end or no longer exist by damaging or attacking it. Example: They hit the shore and ... everything in their way. Chúng đập vào bờ và phá hủy mọi thứ trên đường đi của chúng.


3. Listening Practice 1

Hi everyone. Today’s lecture is about fluid dynamics. Fluid dynamics is the study of how fluids—gases and liquids—move when someone or something places an outside force on them. Today, as an introduction to this topic, I’m going to focus on the force of buoyancy in water. Buoyancy is an important principle. By understanding it, you’ll know why boats float and how much they can hold. But what does buoyancy mean? Simply put, it is the force in water that makes something float. Take, for example, ice in a glass of water. When you put ice in water, gravity pulls it downward, and you see the ice fall below the surface of the water. But then the water pushes it back up. That’s the buoyancy force pushing the ice to the surface. When you put something in water, the water level rises. The water rises because the object displaces it—gravity makes the object push water out of the way. This is called displacement. Now, instead of ice, use a solid metal ball or a coin. You put that in water and what happens? It sinks even if it weighs less than the ice. Why is that? To better understand displacement and why an object floats or sinks, do an experiment. You’ll need a water glass, water, a piece of ice, a coin, and a bucket. Put the glass in the bucket and fill the glass completely with water. After that, place the ice in the water glass. It will displace some of the water, which will fall into the bucket. Pour out the water that is in the bucket and weigh that water. Then refill the glass with water and do the same thing with a coin. You will see that the coin weighs more than the water it displaced but that the ice weighs the same. This is why the ice floats and the coin doesn’t.

Listen to this lecture and answer the questions below. 

1. Fluid dynamics studies the movement of gases and liquids when external forces are applied. 

2. The principle of buoyancy is only applicable to liquids, not gases. 

3. Buoyancy is the force that opposes gravity to make an object float in water. 

4. An object placed in water will not change the water level due to displacement. 

5. Objects heavier than the water they displace will float. 

6. Conducting an experiment with a glass of water, ice, a coin, and measuring the displaced water can help understand why objects float or sink. 

4. Listening Practice 4

So how do tsunamis start? They usually start with earthquakes under the sea, but they can also be caused by landslides and volcanoes. I’d like to take a look at this process and show how really big energy can move through water and what can happen. Earthquakes often occur underneath our oceans. When this happens, the floor—or plates—of the ocean move up or down. This releases a lot of energy into the water. As you can see in this diagram, the energy pushes the water up. And this energy becomes waves on the water’s surface. These waves start moving outward. At first, they’re small—and far out at sea. The wave of energy travels across the ocean’s surface, sometimes as fast as an airplane. The wave then gets closer to land, where the water is shallow. The shallow water causes the water to slow down and at the same time decreases the distance between the waves. This pushes the ocean water up, making the waves grow in height. By the time the waves arrive on land, they are huge walls of water that can be more than 30 meters high. They hit the shore and destroy everything in their way. This is all the result of the energy from a huge displacement of water far out at sea.

Listen to this lecture and answer the questions below. 

1. Tsunamis can only be caused by earthquakes, not landslides or volcanoes. 

2. Earthquakes under the ocean release energy that pushes water upwards, creating waves. 

3. The energy from an underwater earthquake cannot travel as fast as an airplane across the ocean's surface. 

4. As tsunami waves approach shallow water near land, they slow down and decrease in height. 

5. Tsunami waves can reach heights of more than 30 meters when they arrive on land. 

5. Listening Dictation Practice



[ Modified: Thursday, 22 February 2024, 3:42 PM ]

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